Metadata
Title
Development and International Business MSc
Category
graduate
UUID
cc7e49c50a1e4579bec39558e8403166
Source URL
https://www.qmul.ac.uk/postgraduate/taught/coursefinder/courses/development-and-...
Parent URL
https://www.qmul.ac.uk/study/business-and-management/
Crawl Time
2026-03-23T19:27:53+00:00
Rendered Raw Markdown

Development and International Business MSc

Source: https://www.qmul.ac.uk/postgraduate/taught/coursefinder/courses/development-and-international-business-msc/ Parent: https://www.qmul.ac.uk/study/business-and-management/

Part of: Geography and Environmental Science, Business and Management and Global Health and Development

Explore the changing relationship between states and markets. In recent years, interest in the relationship between international business and global development has increased. On this programme exploring business and global development, you will study the politics of development, foreign direct investment and international institutions of global political-economic governance.

Study options

Starting in : September 2026

Location : Mile End

Fees : Home: £13,250\ Overseas: £27,250\ EU/EEA/Swiss students

Apply nowRegister your interest

See our application guidance

Starting in : September 2026

Location : Mile End

Fees : Home: £6,650\ Overseas: £13,650\ EU/EEA/Swiss students\

Apply nowRegister your interest

See our application guidance

What you'll study

Develop an advanced and critical understanding of the development of international business from various intellectual perspectives. Examine many approaches, from neo-liberal and mainstream business studies, through to more critical views which engage with questions of power and resistance.

You will consider issues concerning world economy and development, and will examine new theories around development futures. You will gain formal training in research design and methods.

Thereafter, you may select optional modules to focus on your areas of interest. These might include study of the economics of development, global governance, international business strategy and social and political marketing, among many other options offered by the Department of Geography and Environmental Science and the School of Business and Management.

You will receive tailored research supervision and training suitable to your individual research interests in order to complete your dissertation.

This programme also offers students the opportunity to undertake an unpaid internship with London International Development Centre (LIDC) while studying. LIDC will take on up to four Masters students as interns per year.

Additional costs

Your dissertation can include fieldwork conducted in the UK or overseas, and students will be responsible for the costs associated with this.

Structure

For full module information, please see the Queen Mary's Module Directory.

Compulsory/Core modules

World Economy and Development

This module examines processes of economic "globalisation" and changes in international business over time. The focus is on the multinational firm in the context of trends in the world economy since the 1970s. It provides a critical and comparative perspective on the nature and scope of international business, theories of international trade and its regulation, and conceptualisations of global supply chains. It uses sector and country case studies to encourage an applied understanding of differentiated political-economic relationships, processes and outcomes.

Global working lives

This module explores people's everyday struggles to make a living in the contemporary global economy. It introduces key approaches for thinking about how workers shape global geographies of capitalism in diffrent locations and sectors. Through a focus on the themes of informality, technology, mobility, and ecology, the module challenges mainstream theories which conceive 'work' and 'the economy' solely from the perspective of the formal spaces of advanced capitalist economies in the global North.

Research Design and Methods

The purpose of the module is to provide master's level research training in human geography and related social science disciplines. The module therefore covers core understandings of key concepts and approaches to human geography and social sciences research; subject specific research and transferable skills; and qualitative and quantitative, subject specific methodological and presentation techniques. This module will equip students with the skills necessary to independently design and implement an extended piece of primary dissertation research.

Retheorising Global Development

-theorising global development provides the theoretical framework underpinning the modules for MSc Development and International Business and MA Global Development programmes. The module will: i) introduce to a range of mainstream, alternative and decolonial theoretical approaches to `D/development'; ii) challenge the common positioning of the Global South as a place where theories flow to rather than from, and as a collection of places in need of external (Northern) development interventions; iii) expose the spatial limits of mainstream / 'universal' theories of development in geography developed through narrow engagements with formal spaces of advanced capitalist economies in the Global North; iv) recognize the vital and dynamic ways in which the development trajectories of people and places in global South and global North are mutually constituted. Students will develop their conceptual understanding through key themes such as critical global development, the intersections of environment and development, transformations in the economy and work and post development.

Dissertation 12,000 Words

The dissertation should include: a) a set of research aims clearly relating the dissertation and its aims to the relevant field of enquiry, b) a review and synthesis of previous studies and of the relevant theoretical, epistemological and methodological literature relating to the dissertation's field of enquiry and an examination of the place of such studies within the field of human geography; c) an examination of the study's research question(s) by means of analysis of new empirical material and/or original analysis of existing non-academic sources; and d) a full and critical discussion of methodology, research design and implementation.

Elective modules

Migration and Mobilities

This module explores theoretical, empirical and policy dimensions of patterns and processes of migration and mobilities in a global context and consciously across the global North/global South 'divide' from a scalar, relational and networked perspective. Although the focus will be on the nature and dynamics of contemporary movement of people, the module will also incorporate an analysis of the movement of information, goods and capital as framed within the 'new mobilities paradigm'. Theoretically, the module analyses the key framings of contemporary migration in relation to transnationalism, diaspora and post-national citizenship. In turn, it will interrogate the nature and links between transnationalism, multiculturalism and/or integration; the migration-development nexus; the politics of irregularity and 'illegality'; the relationships between the emergence of global cities and a migrant division of labour; the nature of global gendered mobilities and power and mobility as well as the interrelations between conflict, violence and mobility.

Strategic Management

BUSM086 explores theoretical approaches explaining what markets managers choose to compete within, why and how. 'Traditional' competitive positioning, resource-based views are critically evaluated for their appropriateness in an increasingly networked, globalised, digitised and fluid environment. Contemporary approaches to strategic management, such as the importance of strategy process, business ecosystems, behavioural approaches and time/timing are analysed. From a variety of organisational contexts, we assess the extent to which firm strategy models may be applied to public sector/voluntary/entrepreneurial types of organisations and firms.

Economics of Development

This course introduces contemporary theories and the empirical literature of the economics of developing countries with specific reference to public policy delivery. The course will address the problems with public policy delivery in developing countries and what solutions and strategies have been identified in the literature. The course will deal with debates such as centralised and decentralised delivery methods, political economy issues of corruption and state capture, and the role of incentives among politicians and bureaucrats in service delivery.

International Business Strategy

The module aims to introduce students to concepts and practices related to managing in a globally volatile, complex, dynamic environment within which organisations, national and international institutions and individuals interact. The elective is designed to be an advanced global strategic management course presenting material that is highly contemporary. This course provides balanced global strategic insights along with proven practical business frameworks and prepares you to respond quickly to today's challenging global environment.

Global Supply Chain Management

This module explores how the management of global supply chains involves negotiating a multifaceted process of value creation and capture cutting across firms' and states' borders and from the environment. It maps the relations between firms and between firms and other actors and explores how supply chains are embedded in different environmental and social contexts. The module explores these issues by focusing on some of the largest corporate-controlled global supply chains in history, e.g. food and supermarkets, fashion retailers and mobile phone producers.

Risk and Crisis in the Global Economy

This new module seeks to offer students a more comprehensive and contextual understanding of risk and crisis, including economic, social, technological, environmental, and geopolitical risk, inter alia, situating it within a broader set of institutions such as firms, corporations, NGOs, states, international organisations, etc., in order to make sense of what is specific about the causes, evolutions, and responses to risk in a capitalist political economy. This is also meant to address risk beyond the mere presentist purview of corporate management practices, insofar as students in the MSc Management may both i) work in a broad range of institutions, and ii) will have to understand and engage in their professional lives with a variety of emerging risks, which the conventional risk management literature broaches at times only superficially. We hope that, by the end of the course, students understand that risk management is not engineering, with mechanical solutions to social and economic problems, but rather always a fraught endeavor, rife with contradictions and contestations.

Financing Sustainability

This module will explore new social and green financial instruments and investment strategies that seek to deliver on both shareholder returns and sustainable development goals. It will cover trends and models including social and green finance, impact investing, blended finance, public private partnerships, microfinance and social impact bonds. We will draw on real-life case studies from the Global North and the Global South to examine their potential for contributing towards sustainable development and low-carbon transition objectives across different contexts.

The Business of Climate Risk

How are climate-related and environmental risks affecting - and going to affect - the world? And importantly, the world of business? This module will equip students to understand and critically engage with anthropogenic climate change as an issue that presents new and compounding risks and challenges to businesses, workers, and society at large. The course will cover climate change and its entangled relationship between natural resources, biodiversity, and processes of commodification, and in the context of how firms and the wider communities adapt and mitigate these risks.

Eco-Business Strategy and Global Supply Chains

This module explores and debates the embeddedness of business in the Earth System. Students examine key relations between corporate strategies and the environment by introducing topical issues in climate change and biodiversity loss and examining emerging eco-business strategies in industries that are foundational to societies and economies across the planet (e.g. food, energy, transport). In examining these industries students will evaluate current consumption and production patterns and their environmental effects, critically appraise a range of eco-business strategies, develop innovative strategic thinking on political-economic challenges specific to each industry, and appraise the ways in which businesses can help build liveable futures based on intergenerational justice.

Assessment

Dissertation

Examples of past projects include:

There are a lot of things to appreciate about studying at Queen Mary, but what I liked the most about the course was the opportunity to study in two different schools (Geography and Business schools), which provided a very diverse learning environment, not just in terms of culture and backgrounds, but also in terms of mind-sets, political views, and opinions towards development and globalisation.

—

Beatriz Isabel Ho Zhang, MSc Development and International Business

Teaching

Dr Nina Ramesh, and Dr Isadora Cruxen are Co-Programme Directors of this programme.

Teaching for all modules includes a mixture of formal lectures and small group seminars. You will also receive tailored research supervision and training as you prepare an independent research project for your dissertation.

In the 2024 Postgraduate Taught Experience Survey (PTES), 100% of our students agreed staff were good at explaining things and enthusiastic about what they were teaching. 93% of students agreed their research skills had developed during their course and 87% felt better prepared for a future career as a result of their course.

If you choose to study part-time, the number of modules you take is reduced per semester. The full number of modules you need to complete the programme will be spread over two academic years.

Find out more about the Department of Geography and Environmental Science’s inclusive approach to learning, co-created with our diverse student body, enhanced by our world-leading research.

[### Dr Elena Baglioni

PhD Director of Graduate Studies; MRes Programme Director; Reader in Global Supply Chain Management and Sustainability

Dr Baglioni researches historical processes of development in low income countries, with reference to sub-Saharan Africa. She has conducted research in Senegal on poverty reduction, export agriculture and land grabbing. She has published in journals including the Journal of Economic Geography.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbm/staff/academic/profiles/baglionie.html)

[### Professor Liam Campling

Professor of International Business and Development

Professor Liam Campling’s ongoing policy collaboration with development agencies, trade unions and NGOs (a combination of commissioned and pro-bono work), has been recognised for its influence on trade policy, regulation and legislation, and labour conditions in tuna factories in Papua New Guinea.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbm/staff/academic/profiles/camplingl.html)

[### Dr Isadora Cruxen

Senior Lecturer in Business Politics and Development

Isadora’s research centres on the political economy of sustainable development. She primarily focuses on natural resource governance and urban infrastructure provision in emerging markets, particularly in Latin America.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbm/staff/academic/profiles/cruxeni.html)

[### Professor Kavita Datta

Professor of Development Geography, Interim Deputy Vice-Principal (Humanities and Social Sciences)

B.A., Botswana; PhD, Cambridge

Professor Datta researches transnational migration; migrant remittance and philanthropic giving; geographies of finance; gender and development. She is Deputy Vice-Principal (Research Impact) and Director of the Centre for the Study of Migration.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/geog/staff/academicstaff/profiles/dattak.html)

[### Professor Sam Halvorsen

Professor of Human Geography, Director of Research, Co-director: Queen Mary Centre for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean (CRoLAC)

PhD (UCL), MSc (UCL), BSc (Bristol)

Sam Halvorsen is a human geographer interested in grassroots politics and urban democracy. His research is driven by an underlying question: how and why does territory matter to social and political transformation? In answering this, he pays close attention to the ideas and practices of Latin American Geographies, and part of his work aims to support greater dialogue across epistemic and linguistic barriers.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/geog/staff/academicstaff/profiles/halvorsens.html)

[### Dr William Monteith

Senior Lecturer in Human Geography

Dr Monteith’s research explores subjective experiences of work, hustle and ‘make do’ at the margins of capitalist economies; the relationships, politics and places produced by these experiences, and the possibilities they provide for realising more just and inclusive economic geographies. His work is conducted in collaboration with the Work Rights Centre in London and the Urban Action Lab in Kampala, Uganda.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/geog/staff/academicstaff/profiles/monteithw.html)

[### Dr Niranjana R

Senior Lecturer

Dr Niranjana is a human geographer interested in urban natural environments and what they have to do with sociality, alterity and politics in cities, primarily in the global South. Building on experience as a journalist reporting on urban development and culture in south India, their work has long been rooted in ethnographic engagement with the everyday life of cities.](https://www.qmul.ac.uk/geog/staff/academicstaff/profiles/r.html)

Where you'll learn

Facilities

Campus

Teaching is based at Queen Mary’s main Mile End campus, one of the largest self-contained residential campuses in the capital. Our location in the heart of London’s East End offers a rich cultural environment.

Queen Mary have invested £105m in new facilities in recent years to offer our students an exceptional learning environment. Recent developments include the £39m Graduate Centre, providing 7,700 square metres of learning and teaching space.

The campus is 15 minutes by tube from central London, where you will have access to many of the University of London’s other facilities, such as Senate House.

The Graduate Centre

About the School

School of Society and Environment

School of Business and Management

We invite our students to ask incisive questions, to challenge their assumptions, and to search for solutions to real-world challenges.

The School is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), which ensures that the highest standards of excellence in teaching, research, curriculum, and learner success are met.

In the most recent Research Excellence Framework (REF 2021), the School of Business and Management dramatically moved up the Times Higher Education rankings. Among 108 UK business schools, the School now ranks:

Career paths

This programme will prepare you for a broad range of careers by developing your research skills and substantive knowledge required by multinational businesses, social enterprises, NGOs, development organisations, and government departments.

Previous graduates have gone on to work in business consultancies, development charities, commodity supply chain management, national government trades departments, and financial trading.

Explore what our recent students have done after graduation and how their time studying on this programme prepared them for their career.

Queen Mary Careers and Enterprise offers a range of tailored support and resources for current students and recent graduates, from refining your CV and exploring your options to finding part-time roles, work experience, and graduate opportunities.

As a government officer of a developing country, I strongly believe that the education that I received allowed me to enhance my technical skills and professional expertise to contribute to the development process and global integration of my country in such a competitive and dynamic global economic order.

—

Nizamettin Dogan Guner, MSc Development and International Business (2022)

Fees and funding

Full-time study

September 2026 | 1 year

Unconditional deposit

Home: Not applicable\

Overseas: £2000\ Information about deposits

Part-time study

September 2026 | 2 years

The course fee is charged per annum for 2 years. Note that fees may be subject to an increase on an annual basis - see details on our tuition fees page.

Unconditional deposit

Home: Not applicable\

Overseas: £2000\ Information about deposits

Queen Mary alumni can get a £1000, 10% or 20% discount on their fees depending on the programme of study. Find out more about the Alumni Loyalty Awards

Funding

There are a number of ways you can fund your postgraduate degree.

Our Advice and Counselling service offers specialist support on financial issues, which you can access as soon as you apply for a place at Queen Mary. Before you apply, you can access our funding guides and advice on managing your money:

Entry requirements

UK

Degree requirements

A 2:1 or above at undergraduate level in a relevant subject.

Other routes

Candidates that do not currently meet the set entry requirements may also have the option to study the Graduate Diploma in Humanities and Social Sciences. Meeting the required grades on completion of this programme will provide a pathway to study MA Development and International Business.

Find out more about how to apply for our postgraduate taught courses.

International

Country of QualificationSelect a countryAfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAngolaArgentinaArmeniaAustraliaAustriaAzerbaijanBahamasBahrainBangladeshBarbadosBelarusBelgiumBelizeBeninBoliviaBosnia and HerzegovinaBotswanaBrazilBruneiBulgariaBurundiCambodiaCameroonCanadaChileChinaColombiaCongo, Dem. Rep. ofCongo, Rep. ofCosta RicaCroatiaCubaCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkDominican RepublicEcuadorEgyptEl SalvadorEritreaEstoniaEswatiniEthiopiaFijiFinlandFranceGambiaGeorgiaGermanyGhanaGreeceGrenadaGuatemalaGuineaGuyanaHondurasHong KongHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIranIraqIrelandIsraelItalyCote D’ivoire (Ivory Coast)JamaicaJapanJordanKazakhstanKenyaKosovoKuwaitKyrgyzstanLaosLatviaLebanonLesothoLiberiaLibyaLiechtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgMacauMacedoniaMadagascarMalawiMalaysiaMaldivesMaltaMauritiusMexicoMoldovaMonacoMongoliaMontenegroMoroccoMozambiqueMyanmarNamibiaNepalNetherlandsNew ZealandNigeriaNorwayOmanPakistanPalestine, State ofPanamaPapua New GuineaParaguayPeruPhilippinesPolandPortugalPuerto RicoQatarRomaniaRussiaRwandaSaudi ArabiaSenegalSerbiaSierra LeoneSingaporeSlovakiaSloveniaSomaliaSouth AfricaSouth KoreaSpainSri LankaSudanSwedenSwitzerlandSyriaTaiwanTajikistanTanzaniaThailandTrinidad and TobagoTunisiaTurkeyTurkish Republic of Northern CyprusTurkmenistanTurks and Caicos IslandsUgandaUkraineUnited Arab EmiratesUnited States of AmericaUruguayUzbekistanVenezuelaVietnamYemenZambiaZimbabwe

Afghanistan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Master Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 \ UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 \ UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Albania\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 \ UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Algeria\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licence; Diplome de [subject area]; Diplome d'Etudes Superieures; Diplome de Docteur end Pharmacie; or Diplome de Docteur en Medecine from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Angola\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grau de Licenciado/a (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 17 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 15 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 13 out of 20

Argentina\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo/ Grado de Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

Armenia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 87 out of 100\ UK 2:1 degree: 75 out of 100\ UK 2:2 degree: 61 out of 100

Australia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) or Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: High Distinction; or First Class with Honours \ UK 2:1 degree: Distinction; or Upper Second Class with Honours \ UK 2:2 degree: Credit; or Lower Second Class with Honours

Austria\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 1.5 out of 5.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 2.5 out of 5.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5.0

The above relates to grading scale where 1 is the highest and 5 is the lowest.

Azerbaijan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. \ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%; or GPA 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or GPA 4 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or GPA 3.5 out of 5

Bahamas\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours\ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours\ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Bahrain\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or 90 out of 100\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or 80 out of 100\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.3 out of 4.0; or 74 out of 100

Bangladesh\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.2 to 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 to 3.3 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.3 to 2.7 out of 4.0

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  For some institutions/degrees we will ask for different grades to above, so this is only a guide.

Barbados\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from the University of West Indies, Cave Hill or Barbados Community College. \ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours*; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0**\ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours*; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0**\ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours*; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0**

*relates to: the University of West Indies, Cave Hill.

**relates to: Barbados Community College.

Belarus\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10; or 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 10; or 4 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 5 out of 10; or 3.5 out of 5

Belgium\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. \ \ UK 1st class degree: 80% or 16/20*; or 78%**\ UK 2:1 degree: 70% or 14/20*; or 72%**\ UK 2:2 degree: 60% or 12/20*; or 65%**

*Flanders (Dutch-speaking)/ Wallonia (French-speaking)\ **German-speaking

Belize\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours \ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours \ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Benin\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Maitrise or Masters from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Bolivia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Bachiller Universitario or Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%* or 80%**\ UK 2:1 degree: 75%* or 70%**\ UK 2:2 degree: 65%* or 60%**

*relates to: Titulo de Bachiller Universitario

**relates to: Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area]

Bosnia and Herzegovina\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7.5 out of 10

Botswana\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 5 years) or Master Degree from the University of Botswana.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Brazil\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Título de Bacharel / Título de [subject area] or Título de Licenciado/a (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8.25 out of 10 \ UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10 \ UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

The above grades assumes that the grading scale has a pass mark of 5.

Brunei\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours \ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours \ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Bulgaria\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 5.75 out of 6.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 4.75 out of 6.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 4.0 out of 6.0

Burundi\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%; or 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or 12 out of 20

Cambodia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%; or GPA 3.5 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or GPA 2.35 out of 4.0

Cameroon\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree; Licence; Diplome d'Etudes Superieures de Commerce; Diplome d'Ingenieur de Conception/ Travaux; Doctorat en Medecine/ Pharmacie; or Maitrise or Master 1 from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20; or GPA 3.6 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Canada\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.6 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.2 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Chile\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grado de Licenciado en [subject area] or Titulo (Professional) de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 6.5 out of 7\ UK 2:1 degree: 5.5 out of 7\ UK 2:2 degree: 5 out of 7

China\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85 to 95% \ UK 2:1 degree: 70 to 80%\ UK 2:2 degree: 65 to 75%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Colombia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado en [subject area] or Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.60 out of 5.00\ UK 2:1 degree: 4.00 out of 5.00\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.50 out of 5.00

Congo, Dem. Rep. of\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies or Diplome d'Etudes Speciales from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20; or 90%\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20; or 80%\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20; or 70%

Congo, Rep. of\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Etudes Superieures or Maitrise from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Costa Rica\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachiller or Licenciado from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7.5 out of 10

Croatia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Advanced Diploma of Higher Education Level VII/1 (Diploma - Visoko obrazovanje) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.5 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 3 out of 5

Cuba\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Arquitecto/ Doctor/ Ingeniero from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Cyprus\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8 out of 10; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.0 out of 10; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 6.0 out of 10; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Czech Republic\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 1.2 out of 4\ UK 2:1 degree: 1.5 out of 4\ UK 2:2 degree: 2.5 out of 4

The above relates to grading scale where 1 is the highest and 4 is the lowest.

Denmark\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 12 out of 12 (2007 onwards); or 11 out of 13 (before 2007)\ UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 12 (2007 onwards); or 8 out of 13 (before 2007)\ UK 2:2 degree: 4 out of 12 (2007 onwards); or 7 out of 13 (before 2007)

Dominican Republic\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 95/100\ UK 2:1 degree: 85/100\ UK 2:2 degree: 78/100

Ecuador\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%; or 9/10; or 19/20; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or 8/10; or 18/20; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or 7/10; or 14/20; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Egypt\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4\ UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4\ UK 2:2 degree: 65%; or GPA 2.5 out of 4

El Salvador\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 5 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

Eritrea\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Estonia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree; University Specialist's Diploma; or Professional Higher Education Diploma from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.5 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 3.5 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 2 out of 5

The above grades assumes that 1 is the pass mark.

Eswatini\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Ethiopia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 \ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Fiji\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from one of the following institutions: Fiji National University, the University of Fiji, or the University of South Pacific, Fiji.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.0 out of 5.0*; or overall grade A with High Distinction pass**; or GPA 4.0 out of 4.5***\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.33 out of 5.0*; or overall grade B with Credit pass**; or GPA 3.5 out of 4.5***\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.33 out of 5.0*; or overall grade S (Satisfactory)**; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.5***

*relates to Fiji National University

**relate to the University of Fiji

***relates to the University of South Pacific, Fiji

Finland\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree/ Kandidaatti/ Kandidat (minimum 180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution; or Bachelor degree (Ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/ Yrkeshögskoleexamen) from a recognised University of Applied Sciences.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.5 out of 5; or 2.8 out of 3\ UK 2:1 degree: 3.5 out of 5; or 2 out of 3\ UK 2:2 degree: 2.5 out of 5; or 1.4 out of 3

France\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licence; Grade de Licence; Diplome d'Ingenieur; or Maitrise from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 12 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 11 out of 20

Gambia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%; or GPA 4.0 out of 4.3\ UK 2:1 degree: 67%; or GPA 3.3 out of 4.3\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or GPA 2.7 out of 4.3

Georgia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. \ \ UK 1st class degree: 91 out of 100; or 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 81 out of 100; or 4 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 71 out of 100; or 3.5 out of 5

Germany\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 1.5 out of 5.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 2.5 out of 5.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5.0

The above relates to grading scale where 1 is the highest and 5 is the lowest.

Ghana\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. \ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class\ UK 2:1 degree: Second Class (Upper Division)\ UK 2:2 degree: Second Class (Lower Division)

Greece\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Degrees from recognised selected institutions in the University sector or Degrees (awarded after 2003) from recognised Technological Educational Institutes.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8 out of 10*; or 9 out of 10**\ UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 10*; or 7.5 out of 10**\ UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 10*; or 6.8 out of 10**

*Relates to degrees from the University Sector.\ **Relates to degrees from Technological Educational Institutes.

Grenada\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours\ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours \ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Guatemala\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%\ UK 2:2 degree: 70%

The above grades assumes that the pass mark is 61% or less.

Guinea\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Master; Maitrise; Diplome d'Etudes Superieures; or Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Guyana\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Graduate Diploma (Postgraduate) or Masters degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Honduras\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/a / Grado Academico de Licenciatura (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%; or 4.7 out of 5; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or 4.0 out of 5; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or 3.5 out of 5; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Hong Kong\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours\ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours\ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Hungary\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree (Alapfokozat) or University Diploma (Egyetemi Oklevel) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.75 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5 \ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Iceland\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree (Baccalaureus or Bakkalarprof) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8.25 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.25 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

India\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 75% to 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: 60% to 70%\ UK 2:2 degree: 50% to 60%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  For some institutions/degrees we will ask for different grades to above, so this is only a guide.  

For India, offers may be made on the GPA scale.

We do not consider the Bachelor of Vocation (B. Voc.) for Masters entry.

Indonesia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Sarjna I (S1) Bachelor Degree or Diploma IV (D4) (minimum 4 years) from selected degree programmes and institutions. \ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.6 to 3.8 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 to 3.2 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.67 to 2.8 out of 4.0

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from and the degree that you study.

Iran\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 17.5 to 18.5 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 15 to 16 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 13.5 to 14 out of 20

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Iraq\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85 out of 100\ UK 2:1 degree: 75 out of 100\ UK 2:2 degree: 60 out of 100

Ireland\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Honours Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours\ UK 2:1 degree: Second Class Honours Grade I\ UK 2:2 degree: Second Class Honours Grade II

Israel\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%\ UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Italy\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Laurea (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 110 out of 110 \ UK 2:1 degree: 105 out of 110\ UK 2:2 degree: 94 out of 110

Cote D’ivoire (Ivory Coast)\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Ingenieur; Doctorat en Medicine; Maitrise; Master; Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies; or Diplome d'Etudes Superieures Specialisees from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Jamaica\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies (UWI) or a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or First Class Honours from the UWI\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or Upper Second Class Honours from the UWI\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0; or Lower Second Class Honours from the UWI

Japan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: S overall* or A overall**; or 90%; or GPA 3.70 out of 4.00\ UK 2:1 degree: A overall* or B overall**; or 80%; or GPA 3.00 out of 4.00\ UK 2:2 degree: B overall* or C overall**; or 70%; or GPA 2.3 out of 4.00

*Overall mark is from the grading scale: S, A, B, C (S is highest mark)\ **Overall mark is from the grading scale: A, B, C, D (A is highest mark)

Jordan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%; or GPA of 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or GPA of 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or GPA of 2.5 out of 4.0

Kazakhstan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 3.8 out of 4.0/4.33; or 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 3.33 out of 4.0/4.33; or 4.0 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 2.67 out of 4.0/4.33; or 3.5 out of 5

Kenya\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours; or GPA 3.6 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: Second Class Honours Upper Division; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: Second Class Honours Lower Division; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Kosovo\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7.5 out of 10

Kuwait\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.67 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.67 out of 4.0

Kyrgyzstan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5; or GPA 3.7 out of 4\ UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5; or GPA 3.0 out of 4 \ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5; or GPA 2.4 out of 4

Laos\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Latvia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (awarded after 2002) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 10

Lebanon\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree; Licence; or Maitrise from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90% or Grade A; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or 16 out of 20 (French system)\ UK 2:1 degree: 80% or Grade B; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or 13 out of 20 (French system)\ UK 2:2 degree: 70% or Grade C; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0; or 12 out of 20 (French system)

Lesotho\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree (minimum 5 years total HE study); Masters Degree or Postgraduate Diploma from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Liberia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90% or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 80% or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 70% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Libya\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%; or 3.7 out of 4.0 GPA \ UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or 3.0 out of 4.0 GPA \ UK 2:2 degree: 65%; or 2.6 out of 4.0 GPA

Liechtenstein\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 5.6 out of 6.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 5.0 out of 6.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 4.4 out of 6.0

Lithuania\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Luxembourg\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Macau\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Licenciatura) (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Macedonia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diploma of Completed Higher Education - Level VII/1 or Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Madagascar\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Maîtrise; Diplome d'Ingenieur; Diplôme d'Etat de Docteur en Médecine; Diplôme d’Etat de Docteur en Chirurgie Dentaire; Diplôme d'Études Approfondies; Diplôme de Magistère (Première Partie) – also known as Master 1; or Diplôme de Master – also known as Master 2 from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Malawi\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80% or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 70% or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 60% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Malaysia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: Class 1; or 3.7 out of 4.0 CGPA\ UK 2:1 degree: Class 2 division 1; or 3.0 out of 4.0 CGPA\ UK 2:2 degree: Class 2 division 2; or 2.6 out of 4.0 CGPA

Maldives\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (awarded from 2000) from the Maldives National University.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Malta\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution. \ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours; or Category I\ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours; or Category IIA\ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours; or Category IIB

Mauritius\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: Class I; or 70%\ UK 2:1 degree: Class II division I; or 60%\ UK 2:2 degree: Class II division II; or 50%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the grading scale used by your institution.

Mexico\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo (Profesional) de [subject area] from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.0 to 9.5 out of 10 \ UK 2:1 degree: 8.0 to 8.5 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7.0 to 7.5 out of 10

Offer conditions will vary depending on the grading scale your institution uses.

Moldova\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Diploma de Licenta) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

Monaco\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Mongolia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.6 out of 4.0; or 90%; or grade A\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.2 out of 4.0; or 80%; or grade B\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.8 out of 4.0; or 70%; or grade C

Montenegro\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diploma of Completed Academic Undergraduate Studies; Diploma of Professional Undergraduate Studies; or Advanced Diploma of Higher Education from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10 \ UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Morocco\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Ecoles Nationales de Commerce et de Gestion; Diplome de Docteur Veterinaire; Doctorat en Medecine; Docteur en Medecine Dentaire; Licence; Diplome d'Inegeniuer d'Etat; Diplome de Doctorat en Pharmacie; or Maitrise from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 13 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 11 out of 20

Mozambique\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grau de Licenciado (minimum 4 years) or Grau de Mestre from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Myanmar\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80% or GPA of 4.7 out of 5.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 70% or GPA of 4.0 out of 5.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 60% or GPA of 3.5 out of 5.0

Namibia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree or Professional Bachelor Degree (NQF level 8 qualifications) - these to be awarded after 2008 from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Nepal\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 65%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 55%; or GPA of 2.4 out of 4.0

Bachelor in Nursing Science are not considered equivalent to UK Bachelor degrees.

Netherlands\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 10

New Zealand\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) or Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: A-*; or First Class Honours**\ UK 2:1 degree: B*; or Second Class (Division 1) Honours**\ UK 2:2 degree: C+*; or Second Class (Division 2) Honours**

*from a Bachelor degree \ **from a Bachelor Honours degree

Nigeria\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.50 out of 5.00; or GPA 6.0 out of 7.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.50 out of 5.00; or GPA 4.6 out of 7.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.80 out of 5.00; or GPA 3.0 out of 7.0

Norway\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: Overall B grade with at least 75 ECTS (of 180 ECTS min overall) at grade A or above.\ UK 2:1 degree: Overall B grade \ UK 2:2 degree: Overall C grade

Oman\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Pakistan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.0 to 3.8 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 2.6 to 3.6 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.0 to 3.0 out of 4.0

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  For some institutions/degrees we will ask for different grades to above, so this is only a guide.

Palestine, State of\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90% or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 80% or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 70% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Panama\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 91%\ UK 2:1 degree: 81%\ UK 2:2 degree: 71%

Papua New Guinea\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: Class I \ UK 2:1 degree: Class II, division A\ UK 2:2 degree: Class II, division B

Paraguay\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado / Titulo de [professional title] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out fo 5

Peru\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grado Academico de Bachiller or Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo (Professional) de [subject area] from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 17 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Philippines\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions or Juris Doctor; Bachelor of Laws; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Dentistry/ Optometry/ Veterinary Medicine; or Masters Degree from recognised institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 3.6 out of 4.0; or 94%; or 1.25 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 3.0 out of 4.0; or 86%; or 1.75 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 2.5 out of 4.0; or 80%; or 2.5 out of 5

The above 'out of 5' scale assumes 1 is highest mark and 3 is the pass mark.

Poland\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licencjat or Inzynier (minimum 3 years) - these must be awarded after 2001 from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.8 out of 5.0 \ UK 2:1 degree: 4.5 out of 5.0 \ UK 2:2 degree: 3.8 out of 5.0

The above grades are based on the 2 to 5 scale, where 3 is the pass mark and 5 is the highest mark.

Portugal\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado (minimum 180 ECTS credits) or Diploma de Estudos Superiores Especializados (DESE) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Puerto Rico\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90/100 or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 80/100 or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 70/100 or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Qatar\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or GPA 4.4 out of 5.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or GPA 3.6 out of 5.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0; or GPA 2.8 out of 5.0

Romania\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.75 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8.0 out of 10 \ UK 2:2 degree: 7.0 out of 10

Russia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Rwanda\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%; or 17 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%; or 15 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or 13 out of 20

Saudi Arabia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.75 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.75 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.75 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 5.0; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Senegal\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Maîtrise; Master II; Diplôme d'Études Approfondies (DEA); Diplôme d'Études Supérieures Specialisées (DESS); Diplôme d'État de Docteur en Médecine; Diplôme d'Ingénieur; Diplôme de Docteur en Chirurgie Dentaire; or Diplôme de Pharmacien from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16/20\ UK 2:1 degree: 14/20\ UK 2:2 degree: 12/20

Serbia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Advanced Diploma of Higher Education from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Sierra Leone\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Honours) or a Masters degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: First Class honours; or GPA 4.7 out of 5; or GPA 3.75 out of 4\ UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class honours; or GPA 4 out of 5; or GPA 3.25 out of 4\ UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours; or GPA 3.4 out of 5; or GPA 2.75 out of 4

Singapore\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) or Bachelor Honours degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.3 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.6 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.8 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.3 out of 5.0; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Slovakia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 93%; or 1 overall (on 1 to 4 scale, where 1 is highest mark)\ UK 2:1 degree: 86%; or 1.5 overall (on 1 to 4 scale, where 1 is highest mark) \ UK 2:2 degree: 72%; or 2.5 overall (on 1 to 4 scale, where 1 is highest mark)

Slovenia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Univerzitetni Diplomant (180 ECTS credits) (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Somalia\ Bachelor degrees from Somalia are not considered for direct entry to our postgraduate taught programmes. Holders of Bachelor degrees from Somali National University can be considered for our Pre-Masters programmes on a case by case basis.\

South Africa\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: NQF Level 8 qualifications such as Bachelor Honours degrees or Professional Bachelor degrees from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 75%\ UK 2:1 degree: 70%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

South Korea\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.2 out of 4.5; or GPA 4.0 out of 4.3; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.5 out of 4.5; or GPA 3.3 out of 4.3; or GPA 3.2 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.5; or GPA 2.8 out of 4.3; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Spain\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo Universitario Oficial de Graduado en [subject area] (Grado) or Titulo Universitario Oficial de Licenciado en [subject area] (Licenciatura) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8.0 out of 10; or 2.5 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.0 out of 10; or 2.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 6.0 out of 10; or 1.5 out of 4.0

Sri Lanka\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Special or Honours) or Bachelor Degree (Professional) (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.5 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Sudan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution or Bachelor degree in one of the following Professional subjects: Architecture; Dentistry; Engineering; Medicine/Surgery from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: 65%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Sweden\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Kandidatexamen) or Professional Bachelor Degree (Yrkesexamenfrom) (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: Overall B grade with at least 75 ECTS at grade A or above (180 ECTS minimum overall); or at least 65% of credits graded at VG overall\ UK 2:1 degree: Overall B grade (180 ECTS minimum overall); or at least 50% of credits graded at VG overall\ UK 2:2 degree: Overall C grade (180 ECTS minimum overall); or at least 20% of credits graded at VG overall.

Switzerland\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 5.5 out of 6; or 9 out of 10\ UK 2:1 degree: 5 out of 6; or 8 out of 10\ UK 2:2 degree: 4.25 out of 6; or 7 out of 10

Syria\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85%\ UK 2:1 degree: 75%\ UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Taiwan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 85 to 90% \ UK 2:1 degree: 70 to 75% \ UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Tajikistan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Specialist Diploma or Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Tanzania\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.4 out of 5.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.5 out of 5.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.7 out of 5.0

Thailand\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.40 to 3.60 out of 4.00\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.00 to 3.20 out of 4.00\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.40 to 2.60 out of 4.00

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Trinidad and Tobago\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or First Class Honours from the University of West Indies\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or Upper Second Class Honours from the University of West Indies\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0; or Lower Second Class Honours from the University of West Indies

Tunisia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licence; Diplome National d'Architecture; Maitrise; Diplome National d'Ingeniuer; or Doctorat en Medecine / Veterinaire from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20\ UK 2:1 degree: 13 out of 20\ UK 2:2 degree: 11 out of 20

Turkey\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.40 to 3.60 out of 4.00\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 2.80 to 3.00 out of 4.00\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.30 to 2.50 out of 4.00

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.60 out of 4.00\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.00 out of 4.00\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.50 out of 4.00

Turkmenistan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Diploma of Higher Education (awarded after 2007) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Turks and Caicos Islands\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (accredited by the Council of Community Colleges of Jamaica) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or 80%\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.3 out of 4.0; or 75%\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.7 out of 4.0; or 65%

Uganda\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.4 out of 5.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 4.0 out of 5.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 5.0

Ukraine\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 10 out of 12; or 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 12; or 4.0 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 12; or 3.5 out of 5

United Arab Emirates\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

United States of America\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.2 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Uruguay\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 10 to 11 out of 12\ UK 2:1 degree: 7 to 9 out of 12\ UK 2:2 degree: 6 to 7 out of 12

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Uzbekistan\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%; or 4.7 out of 5\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or 4.0 out of 5\ UK 2:2 degree: 71%; or 3.5 out of 5

Venezuela\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 81%\ UK 2:1 degree: 71%\ UK 2:2 degree: 61%

Non-percentage grading scales, for example scales out of 20, 10, 9 or 5, will have different requirements.

Vietnam\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 8.0 out of 10; or GPA 3.4 out of 4\ UK 2:1 degree: 7.0 out of 10; or GPA 3.0 out of 4\ UK 2:2 degree: 5.7 out of 10; or GPA 2.4 out of 4

Yemen\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters (Majister) degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 90%\ UK 2:1 degree: 80%\ UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Bachelor Degrees from Lebanese International University (in Yemen) can be considered for entry to postgraduate taught programmes - please see Lebanon for guidance on grade requirements for this.

Zambia\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 75%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0\ UK 2:1 degree: 65%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0\ UK 2:2 degree: 55%; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Zimbabwe\ We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) or Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution.\ \ UK 1st class degree: 75%\ UK 2:1 degree: 65%\ UK 2:2 degree: 60%

English language requirements

The English language requirements for our programmes are indicated by English bands, and therefore the specific test and score acceptable is based on the band assigned to the academic department within which your chosen course of study is administered. Note that for some academic departments there are programmes with non-standard English language requirements.

The English Language requirements for entry to postgraduate taught and research programmes in the School of Geography falls within the following English band:

Band 4: IELTS (Academic) minimum score 6.5 overall with 6.0 in each of Writing, Listening, Reading and Speaking

We accept a range of English tests and qualifications categorised in our English bands for you to demonstrate your level of English Language proficiency. See all accepted English tests that we deem equivalent to these IELTS scores.

Visas and immigration

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Postgraduate Admissions