Admission, prerequesites, preparatory programme, elite athletes
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Applying for a Master's degree
Admission
The Admissions Service manages the admissions to the HEC Master’s programmes and publishes the admission requirements for the Master's programs.
For any questions regarding the recognition of your diplomas for admission to a Master's programme, please write to: immat.master@unil.ch).
You can find the specific prerequisites for each Master’s programme in the “Prerequisite Knowledge” section below. For any questions related to these prerequisites, write to : HECmasterAdmission@unil.ch).
NEW: Master in Finance
There are new admission requirements for the Master in Finance. Starting from the 2026–2027 academic year, you must have obtained a grade equal to or higher than 4.00 / 6.00 in each of the assessments corresponding to:\ 12 ECTS credits (or equivalent) in economics\ 12 ECTS credits (or equivalent) in mathematics\ 9 ECTS credits (or equivalent) in statistics\ 3 ECTS credits (or equivalent) in programming\ during the first two years (first 120 / 180 credits) of your Bachelor’s studies in Switzerland (or equivalent in other countries).
Prerequisite knowledge
Master in Economics (MScE)
Admission criteria
Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university affiliated with at least one of the following fields of study (swissuniversities): ‘political economy’, ‘management’, “finance” or ‘management information systems’ with a strong background in economics. Other degrees or academic qualifications may be considered equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Prerequisite knowledge
For applicants whose native language is not English or whose Bachelor's degree was not completed in English, experience has shown that it is essential to have a C1 level of proficiency in English, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels:
- TOEFL CBT: 250 points
- TOEFL IBT: 100 points
- TOEFL PBT: 600 points
- Academic IELTS: 7 points
- Cambridge English Advanced (CAE): Grade B
- Cambridge English Proficiency (CPE): Grade C
- TOEIC: 850 points
Specific knowledge
The programme does not include revision courses, except as part of refresher programmes. We therefore strongly recommend that you ensure, before the start of the course, that you have fully understood the following topics:
Macroeconomics
You should have a good grasp of the content of a good intermediate-level macroeconomics textbook, such as Macroeconomics by Mankiw N. Gregory. On Digitaleconomist.org, you will find some additional references as well as a link to an online version of D.A. Ruby's Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory.
Microeconomics
You should be familiar with the content of a good intermediate-level microeconomics textbook, such as H. Varian's Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach. On Digitaleconomist.org, you will find some additional references as well as a link to an online version of D.A. Ruby's Intermediate Microeconomic Theory.
Econometrics
You should master the content of James Stock and Mark Watson's Introduction to Econometrics (2007); it has a good library of online resources
Mathematics
Please use this online tutorial to review the necessary mathematical knowledge, or to update your knowledge in line with what will be required for the Master's programme. Two classic mathematics books for economists that you may also find useful are Mathematics for Economists by C.P Simon and L. Blume, and Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics by A.C. Chiang.
For more information on mathematics prerequisites:
Masters in Finance (MScF)
Admission criteria
Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university affiliated with at least one of the following fields of study (swissuniversities): ‘political economy’, ‘business management’, “finance” or ‘management information systems’. Other degrees or academic qualifications may be deemed equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Prerequisite knowledge
Proficiency in English
For candidates whose native language is not English or whose bachelor's degree was not completed in English, experience has shown that they have a good command of English. Experience has shown that it is essential to have a C1 level of proficiency in English, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels:
- TOEFL CBT: 250 points
- TOEFL IBT: 100 points
- TOEFL PBT: 600 points
- Academic IELTS: 7 points
- Cambridge English Advanced (CAE): Grade B
- Cambridge English Proficiency (CPE): Grade C
- TOEIC: 850 points
Specific knowledge
Information below available in English only.\ \ Financial accounting
For accounting courses at the Master level a working knowledge of financial accounting concepts and techniques is assumed. This should normally be obtained by graduating with a Bachelor degree in management or a comparable education. These knowledge and skills are a prerequisite and will not be taught at the Master level. At this level the focus will be on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).\ \ An introductory financial accounting course at the Bachelor level normally encompasses:
- Nature and objectives of financial accounting
- Bookkeeping
- Fundamental accounting principles, concepts and policies
- Preparing final accounts
- Elements of financial statements
Students who do not qualify for these prerequisites or who wish to refresh their knowledge and skills are advised to appropriately prepare themselves in advance.\ \ Most of these basic concepts and techniques are independent from legal/national backgrounds. Hence, in general any introductory financial accounting textbook, and/or online financial accounting course might be suitable insofar as it deals with the content as described above.\ \ For online courses students could consult Harvard Business Online: Financial Accounting Online Course - Introductory Section (Paul M. Healy, David F. Hawkins).\ \ For accounting textbooks students could consult e.g Libby R., Libby P.A., Short D.G., 2010, Financial Accounting, 6th edition, McGraw-Hill International Edition (Chapters 1-3). However, students could check their local university library for relevant textbooks.\ \ Mathematics for Economics and Finance
Modern economics and finance rely profoundly on mathematics. It is therefore essential for incoming Master students to be familiar with some basic concepts of mathematics used in economics and finance applications. When starting their graduate studies, students should have a working knowledge of the material covered in the following basic textbook:
- Simon, C. P. and L. Blume, 1994, Mathematics for Economists, Norton, New York.
There are numerous advanced textbooks available on mathematics for economics and finance. No single book is comprehensive. The advanced textbooks recommended for the course are as follows:
- Sydsaeter, K. , P. Hammond, A. Seierstad, and A. Strom, 2005, Further Mathematics for Economic Analysis, Prentice Hall.
- Casella, G. and R. L. Berger, 2001, Statistical Inference, 2nd edition, Brooks Cole
In order to refresh and broaden your knowledge, working through some exercises before the semester is a useful preparation. We strongly encourage all incoming MScF students to prepare written solutions to the following set of exercises (at varying levels of difficulty).
Econometrics
Knowledge of the following basic concepts is necessary:
- Expectation, variance, covariance
- Usual distributions, normal, t, gamma, exponential. Know how to obtain densities of functions of random variables, convolution
- Testing hypothesis, error of first and second type, power of test
- Linear univariate and multivariate regression model, asymptotic standard errors, sandwich (White) standard errors, awareness of problems with regression such as multicolinearity or omitted variable bias
- 2SLS, 3SLS, method of moment estimation
- Basic notions of time series analysis: ARMA
- Integrated processes, testing for integration, co-integration
A textbook dealing with all those issues is for instance: Greene "Econometric Analysis", latest issue. See the Appendix to that book.
Advanced Programming
- Basic Python
Advanced Data Analytics
- Basic Python (including operational know-how of Python libraries numpy, scipy, pandas)
- Good working knowledge of linear algebra, probability theory, and (constrained) optimization
Master in Information Systems (MScIS)
Admission criteria
Bachelor of Science degree from a Swiss university in management information systems; in economics, business administration or finance, provided that you have earned at least 12 ECTS credits in computer science; in computer science or communication systems, provided that you have earned at least 12 ECTS credits in humanities and social sciences. Other university degrees or qualifications may be deemed equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Prerequisite knowledge
Proficiency in English and French
For applicants whose mother tongue is not French or whose Bachelor's degree was not completed in French, experience has shown that it is essential to have a B1 level of proficiency in French, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels: Diplôme approfondi de langue française (DALF) level B1 or B2 or Diplôme de langue de l'Alliance française. More info
In addition, proficiency in written and spoken English at level B2 is strongly recommended.
Specific knowledge
The minimum training in information systems is as follows:
- Introduction to algorithmic thinking and mastery of at least one programming language
- Introduction to databases, models and query languages
Master in Management (MScM)
Admission criteria
Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university affiliated with at least one of the following fields of study (swissuniversities): ‘political economy’, ‘management’, “finance” or ‘management information systems’. Other degrees or academic qualifications may be deemed equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Prerequisite knowledge
Proficiency in English
For applicants whose native language is not English or whose Bachelor's degree was not completed in English, experience has shown that it is essential to have a C1 level of proficiency in English, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels:
- TOEFL CBT: 250 points
- TOEFL IBT: 100 points
- TOEFL PBT: 600 points
- Academic IELTS: 7 points
- Cambridge English Advanced (CAE): Grade B
- Cambridge English Proficiency (CPE): Grade C
- TOEIC: 850 points
Specific knowledge
No refresher courses are offered. The references below represent the level required before the start of the programme:\ \ Accounting
- Choi F.D.S. / Frost C.A. / Meek G.K., International Accounting, Prentice-Hall
- Horngren C.T., Foster G. and Datar S., Cost Accounting, A Managerial Emphasis, Prentice-Hall
Finance
- Brealey R. / Myers S., Principles of Corporate Finance, McGraw-Hill
Marketing
- Kotler P., Marketing Management, Prentice-Hall
Math
- Quantitative Methods: A Self-Paced Learning Program (online course)
Microeconomics
- Hal R. Varian, Microeconomic Analysis
Economics
- Gujarati D., Basic Econometrics, McGraw-Hill
- Greene W., Econometric Analysis
Master in Actuarial Sciences (MScAS)
Admission criteria
Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university affiliated with at least one of the following fields of study (swissuniversities): ‘political economy’, ‘management’, “finance” or ‘management information systems’, ‘mathematics’. Other degrees or academic qualifications may be deemed equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Prerequisite knowledge
Proficiency in English
For applicants whose native language is not English or whose Bachelor's degree was not completed in English, experience has shown that it is essential to have a C1 level of proficiency in English, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels:
- TOEFL CBT: 250 points
- TOEFL IBT: 100 points
- TOEFL PBT: 600 points
- Academic IELTS: 7 points
- Cambridge English Advanced (CAE): Grade B
- Cambridge English Proficiency (CPE): Grade C
- TOEIC: 850 points
Specific knowledge
\ Minimum Mathematical skills:
- in calculus: you can use any book on calculus (differential and integral calculus), for example "Calculus and Analytic Geometry (9th Edition)" by George B. Thomas and Ross L. Finney
- in linear algebra: again any university level linear algebra book, like "Linear Algebra and Its Applications" by David Lay, Pearson
- in probability: again most books on probability (elementary university level) like, for example, "Introduction to Probability Models, Ninth Edition" by Sheldon M. Ross, Academic Press.
Master's degree in Accounting, Controlling and Finance (MScCFF)
Admission criteria
Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university in economics, management or finance. Other degrees or qualifications may be considered equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Prerequisite knowledge
Proficiency in French
For applicants whose mother tongue is not French or whose Bachelor's degree was not completed in French, experience has shown that it is essential to have a C1 level of proficiency in the language, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels: Diplôme approfondi de langue française (DALF) level C1 or C2 or Diplôme de langue de l'Alliance française. More info
Specific knowledge
As a specialised programme, the Master's in Accounting, Control and Finance (MScCCF) was designed on the assumption that participants have a solid foundation of knowledge acquired during their Bachelor's studies in the areas of financial accounting and group accounts, management accounting and control systems, corporate finance, company law and taxation.
Admission to the MScCCF is open to candidates who meet the enrolment and registration requirements of the university in which they are enrolled and who hold a Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university in Economics, Business Administration or Finance, or a qualification deemed equivalent by the Master's programme management. These individuals must also have earned a total of at least 30 ECTS credits in the following subjects during their bachelor's studies or thereafter:
- Financial accounting
- Management or control accounting
- Finance, law or tax
with at least 6 ECTS credits acquired in each of these four subjects. Admission is granted by the Dean of the faculty of enrolment on the recommendation of the Master's programme management.
Master in Law and Economics (MDE)
Admission criteria
Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university in law; Bachelor's degree from a Swiss university in information systems, management, finance or political economy. Other degrees or academic qualifications may be considered equivalent and allow admission to the Master's programme, with or without conditions.
Certain optional courses (particularly in business administration or taxation) have prerequisites that are indicated in the study plan. A basic knowledge of Swiss taxation is desirable in all cases.
Proficiency in French
For applicants whose native language is not French or whose Bachelor's degree was not completed in French, experience has shown that it is essential to have a C1 level of proficiency in the language, which corresponds, as a guideline, to the following minimum levels: Diplôme approfondi de langue française (DALF) level C1 or C2 or Diplôme de langue de l'Alliance française. More info
If you need to improve your language skills in order to be admitted to the Master's programme, a B1 level in French is also required. Please refer to the following page for more details: French exam.
Specific knowledge
The Master's in Law and Economics (MDE) is offered jointly by the Faculty of Business and Economics and the University of Lausanne Law School, and is open to individuals who wish to specialise in both law and management.
Candidates who meet the enrolment and registration requirements for a Master's degree at the University of Lausanne and who hold either a Bachelor's degree in Law from a Swiss university affiliated with the field of study (swissuniversities) ‘law’, or a Bachelor's degree in Management or Economics from a Swiss university linked to at least one of the following fields of study (swissuniversities): ‘management information systems’, ‘business management’, “finance”, ‘political economy’.
Preparatory programme
Some applicants, such as those from universities of applied sciences or universities outside Switzerland, must successfully complete a bridging programme in order to be admitted to the Master's programme. Below you will find the courses from our Bachelor's programme that you must pass in order to be admitted.
Proficiency in French for admission to the preparatory programme. Candidates admitted to a bridging programme taught in French must pass a French exam before they can enrol in the bridging programme. For more information, please refer to this page: French exam.
Elite athletes
Candidates wishing to benefit from the support scheme for elite athletes during their studies must submit their application to the Elite Student Athletes Selection Committee, in addition to the application they send to the Registration and Enrolment Office. Visit this website: Special conditions for elite student athletes