Politics and public affairs
Source: https://www.york.ac.uk/students/work-volunteering-careers/options/sectors/politics/ Parent: https://www.york.ac.uk/students/work-volunteering-careers/options/career-ideas/podcast/
The politics and public affairs sector is a multidisciplinary field, which includes many different organisations and job roles.
Some roles will involve a commitment to a particular political party, whereas others will be politically independent.
Think tanks are generally non-profit organisations, independent of political parties and government, though they may have a political bias and work for a particular agenda. Their purpose is to influence policy and debate, rather than direct campaigning. Some have a particular focus, while others address a wider range of issues, including political strategy and social policy.\ \ Political or public affairs consultancies monitor legislation and changes in policy, to assess its potential impact on a business, charity or other organisation. They may seek to influence policy and inform political debate, engaging with policy makers to present the views of their client organisations; others do little or no lobbying.
Watch: Working in Policy (June 2025) a panel event for postgraduates about careers in policy
Find out about politics and public affairs
Key resources
Think about the variety of organisations and roles in this area, as you use resources to research the sector.
- Read job profiles and case studies on Prospects - search for Public affairs consultant, Politician's assistant, Government social research officer, Trade union research officer, Social researcher - these will give you an idea of entry routes and experience needed
Watch: Working in Policy (June 2025) a panel event for postgraduates about careers in policy
- The Public Affairs Networking Guide looks at the role of public affairs practitioners, including the activities and skills involved,
- politics.co.uk is a useful site for political news and comment
- The Hansard Society exists to promote democracy and political engagement - have a look at the News and Research sections of their website.
- Political Science Resources has extensive information on British politics and elections
- Prospect magazine has articles and discussion on politics and current affairs
- Apolitical is a resource of global policy making
- Smart Thinking is a platform listing leading UK think tanks, with their research, analysis and reports, and includes careers information
- Working in Policy - guide for postgraduates
AI in the politics and public affairs sector
By automating administrative and analytical tasks, AI can save a significant amount of time, but there are challenges around robust digital infrastructure, and the level of public trust. Graduates exploring careers in this sector can expect to be AI-literate and understand the ethical issues, and to have skills including critical judgement, communication, negotiation and leadership.
- Use of AI in Government, House of Commons committee report, March 2025
- House of Commons Library, AI in UK government departments, research briefing, April 2025, with links to information on how AI has been applied in a variety of policy areas
- Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, AI Opportunities Action Plan, Jan 2025
- Policy making in the era of artificial intelligence, Institute for Government, Feb 2025
What skills do I need?
Consider the skills which are valuable for work in politics and public affairs. Their importance will vary according to the specific role, but you will find the following skills are likely to be in demand in this sector:Research
- Analytical skills
- Communication - oral and written
- Report writing
- Procedural skills
- New technologies/social media
- Networking, relationship building
- Negotiation, tact and diplomacy
- Commercial awareness
- Language skills
- Resilience, ability to work under pressure.
For more information about professional skills and how to develop them, see the York Strengths Professional Skills page.
Work experience and think tanks
You may be able to get work experience by exploring some of the following possibilities:
- Involvement in student or local politics
- Volunteering in your local constituency office - volunteering experience is invaluable to build up a track record
- Working for an MP website advertises work experience and internships (some voluntary)
- Parliament work placements
- If you are looking for summer work, bear in mind that for the British Parliament much of the summer is taken up with the parliamentary recess, MPs' holidays, and the party conferences - other vacations may be a better option
- Consider joining a political party or one of the Public Affairs professional bodies to help develop your networks
- Check websites for political parties for internship vacancies
The following think tanks may offer internships or work experience. (Note: this is not an exhaustive list; some opportunities may be paid and some voluntary.)
- Adam Smith Institute (economic think tank)
- Bow Group (conservative think tank)
- Centre for Policy Studies
- Chatham House (independent policy institute) - offers six-month internships suitable for graduates
- Civitas
- Demos
- Fabian Society (left-leaning think tank)
- Foreign Policy Centre (international affairs think tank)
- Institute for Fiscal Studies (economic research institute, which offers summer internships)
- Institute for Government (think tank working to make government more effective, politically non-aligned, offer one year graduate internships)
- Institute for Public Policy Research (advertised internships only, no speculative applications)
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation (social change organisation)
- The King's Fund (charity working to improve health and care in England)
- Policy Exchange (educational charity and conservative think tank)
- Re:state (public services think tank)
- Resolution Foundation
- Smart Thinking - think tank jobs and internships and careers resources
Charities may offer work experience or voluntary placements which will give you an insight into government affairs and lobbying, for example:
- Campaign to Protect Rural England
- Charity Job work experience in campaigning with various charities
- People and Planet
These are just a few examples, but there are lots of other organisations, who may offer similar opportunities.
For work experience and traineeships in Europe, see:
- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development internship programme
- European Parliament paid and unpaid traineeships (search ‘traineeships’), mainly for graduates and including a scheme for applicants with disabilities
- European Patent Office internships for graduates - includes a variety of internships, including law, international relations etc
Find jobs
Think tanks, public affairs consultancies, MPs and campaign groups may take on graduates in research and policy roles. However, think tanks often require considerable work experience, and/or a Masters qualification, or take on people who have previously had an internship with them.
The public affairs industry has no set form for job titles - you may find a range of terms used in job ads, including: public affairs, policy, government affairs, parliamentary affairs, political adviser, political researcher and more, see PubAffairs (Public Affairs Networking). Many practitioners have a degree in Politics or related subject, but an interest in politics and communications is essential.
Vacancy websites include:
- GraduateForward Jobs Board - vacancies for new entrants into public affairs
- Institute for Government graduate internships (apply from March for one year internships starting September)
- Jobs at Parliament
- Working for an MP
- Social Research Association (SRA) - careers resources, jobs vacancies (some with think tanks and lobby groups) and links to other useful websites
- Government Social Research website and careers pages
- Office for National Statistics
- Smart Thinking - think tank jobs
- The right ethos - external affairs jobs in campaigning / not-for-profits
- Local Government offers opportunities for research and analytical careers - you will need a broad knowledge of research methods and a good understanding of local government; the LGA website has a helpful pdf on Careers in local government research
- Charity websites for jobs in policy and campaigns in the third sector. See Charity and voluntary sector for suggestions
For vacancies in Europe see:
- Working in the EU
- European Affairs Jobs - search by type of job/policy and location, advertises internships and jobs for new graduates and those with more experience
- European Commission traineeships, recruiting twice a year
- European Personnel Selection Office – EU careers
Check the Applying for jobs pages for help with CVs, applications and the recruitment process.
What can I do at York?
- Talk to people working in the sector and attend our networking events
- Explore the opportunities volunteering offers you to gain experience and build your skills. See our volunteering pages, York CVS, and Do-it for opportunities.
- Join university campaigning groups, such as Amnesty, People and Planet etc, or the students' union political groups, to gain an understanding of how pressure groups work within the political system
- Keep up to date with current affairs and the latest the political news by reading and watching local and national news.
More resources: people to follow, podcasts, blogs
Connect with York graduates
Join York for Life to connect with our global network of alumni. Start building your own network - find people from your course, look at different careers, ask questions and request a mentor.
Use LinkedIn to make connections, follow organisations of interest, and find out what York graduates are doing. Find out more about using LinkedIn and networking.
Podcasts
Keep up-to-date with the sector and learn about types of jobs available with these podcasts.
Relevant episodes of our What do you actually do? podcast:
- Civil Service Fast Stream
- Climate Communications Consultant (working with the EU, UN and NGOs on climate comms)
- Making people's lives healthier, with Sam Thomas
- Managing the economic growth of York, with Alex Dochery
- Placement year in a political think tank, with Andrew Gloag