Color Naming Models for Color Selection, Image Editing and Palette Design

Source: https://idl.uw.edu/papers/color-naming-models Parent: https://idl.uw.edu/papers

Jeffrey Heer, Maureen Stone. Proc. ACM Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), 2012

Proc. ACM Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), 2012

Color Saliency Map. Each point represents a 5×5×5 bin in CIE L*a*b* color space; slices for every other L* value are shown. The area of each point is proportional to its saliency: large points indicate consistently named colors, small points indicate colors that exhibit high naming confusion. Interestingly, visible clusters correspond to basic color terms identified by Berlin & Kay (blue, brown, green, grey, pink, purple, etc).

Materials

PDF | Website | Software

Abstract

Our ability to reliably name colors provides a link between visual perception and symbolic cognition. In this paper, we investigate how a statistical model of color naming can enable user interfaces to meaningfully mimic this link and support novel interactions. We present a method for constructing a probabilistic model of color naming from a large, unconstrained set of human color name judgments. We describe how the model can be used to map between colors and names and define metrics for color saliency (how reliably a color is named) and color name distance (the similarity between colors based on naming patterns). We then present a series of applications that demonstrate how color naming models can enhance graphical interfaces: a color dictionary & thesaurus, name-based pixel selection methods for image editing, and evaluation aids for color palette design.

BibTeX

@inproceedings{2012-color-naming-models,
  title = {Color Naming Models for Color Selection, Image Editing and Palette Design},
  author = {Heer, Jeffrey AND Stone, Maureen},
  booktitle = {Proc. ACM Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)},
  year = {2012},
  url = {https://idl.uw.edu/papers/color-naming-models},
  doi = {10.1145/2207676.2208547}
}

{"status":200,"statusText":"","headers":{},"body":"[\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)\",\n \"nickname\": \"CHI\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics (Proc. VIS)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VIS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Computer Graphics Forum (Proc. EuroVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"EuroVis\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. EuroVis Short Papers\",\n \"nickname\": \"EuroVis-Short\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE VIS Short Papers\",\n \"nickname\": \"VIS-Short\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM User Interface Software & Technology (UIST)\",\n \"nickname\": \"UIST\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)\",\n \"nickname\": \"CSCW\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Intelligent User Interfaces\",\n \"nickname\": \"IUI\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"ACM Trans. on Computer-Human Interaction\",\n \"nickname\": \"ACM TOCHI\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Advanced Visual Interfaces\",\n \"nickname\": \"AVI\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR)\",\n \"nickname\": \"CIDR\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Very Large Database Endowment (PVLDB)\",\n \"nickname\": \"PVLDB\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing\",\n \"nickname\": \"EMNLP\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. NAACL-HLT\",\n \"nickname\": \"NAACL-HLT\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ICWSM\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics (Proc. InfoVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"InfoVis\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Beautiful Data\",\n \"nickname\": \"Beautiful Data\",\n \"venueType\": \"book\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Information Visualization Journal\",\n \"nickname\": \"IV Journal\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Visual Analytics Science & Technology (VAST)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VAST\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Cortex\",\n \"nickname\": \"Cortex\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS)\",\n \"nickname\": \"HICSS\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Information Visualization (InfoVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"InfoVis (Pre-TVCG)\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Ubiquitous Computing\",\n \"nickname\": \"UbiComp\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. WEBKDD Workshop\",\n \"nickname\": \"WEBKDD\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"ACM Trans. on Information Systems\",\n \"nickname\": \"ACM TOIS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Communications of the ACM\",\n \"nickname\": \"CACM\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Social Network Mining & Analysis, ACM KDD\",\n \"nickname\": \"SNAKDD\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Social Visualization Workshop, ACM CHI\",\n \"nickname\": \"CHI Social Vis\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. AVI Workshop on Invisible & Transparent Interfaces\",\n \"nickname\": \"AVI ITI\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Color Imaging Conference\",\n \"nickname\": \"Color Imaging Conf.\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Applications for Topic Models, NIPS\",\n \"nickname\": \"NIPS Topic Model Ws\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Mining Software Repositories\",\n \"nickname\": \"MSR\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Journal of Animal Ecology\",\n \"nickname\": \"J Anim Eco\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"J Am Med Inform Assoc\",\n \"nickname\": \"JAMIA\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ICML\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Computer Graphics and Applications\",\n \"nickname\": \"CG&A\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Biological Data Visualization (BioVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"BioVis\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Poetics\",\n \"nickname\": \"Poetics\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM)\",\n \"nickname\": \"WSDM\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction (UMUAI)\",\n \"nickname\": \"UMUAI\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Eye Tracking and Visualization (ETVIS)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ETVIS\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Trends in Ecology & Evolution\",\n \"nickname\": \"TREE\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"PLOS ONE\",\n \"nickname\": \"PLOS ONE\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM SIGMOD Human-in-the-Loop Data Analysis (HILDA)\",\n \"nickname\": \"HILDA\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics (Proc. VAST)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VAST-TVCG\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Dealing with Cognitive Biases in Visualisations (DECISIVe), IEEE VIS\",\n \"nickname\": \"DECISIVe\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"arXiv\",\n \"nickname\": \"arXiv\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"The Journal of Open Source Software\",\n \"nickname\": \"JOSS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\",\n \"nickname\": \"PNAS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ACL\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Distill\",\n \"nickname\": \"Distill\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Harvard Data Science Review\",\n \"nickname\": \"HDSR\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes\",\n \"nickname\": \"OBHDP\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"EPJ Data Science\",\n \"nickname\": \"EPJ-DS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human Centric Computing (VL/HCC)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VL/HCC\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Management of Data (SIGMOD)\",\n \"nickname\": \"SIGMOD\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Companion of ACM Management of Data (SIGMOD)\",\n \"nickname\": \"SIGMOD-Demo\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics\",\n \"nickname\": \"TVCG\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Creativity & Cognition\",\n \"nickname\": \"C&C\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Workshop on Intelligent and Interactive Writing Assistants (In2Writing)\",\n \"nickname\": \"In2Writing\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n }\n]\n"} {"status":200,"statusText":"","headers":{},"body":"{\n \"title\": \"Color Naming Models for Color Selection, Image Editing and Palette Design\",\n \"year\": 2012,\n \"start_page\": null,\n \"end_page\": null,\n \"volume\": null,\n \"issue\": null,\n \"editors\": \"\",\n \"publisher\": \"\",\n \"location\": \"\",\n \"pdf\": \"https://idl.cs.washington.edu/files/2012-ColorNameModels-CHI.pdf\",\n \"abstract\": \"Our ability to reliably name colors provides a link between visual perception and symbolic cognition. In this paper, we investigate how a statistical model of color naming can enable user interfaces to meaningfully mimic this link and support novel interactions. We present a method for constructing a probabilistic model of color naming from a large, unconstrained set of human color name judgments. We describe how the model can be used to map between colors and names and define metrics for color saliency (how reliably a color is named) and color name distance (the similarity between colors based on naming patterns). We then present a series of applications that demonstrate how color naming models can enhance graphical interfaces: a color dictionary & thesaurus, name-based pixel selection methods for image editing, and evaluation aids for color palette design.\",\n \"thumbnail\": \"images/thumbs/color-naming-models.png\",\n \"figure\": \"images/figures/color-name-saliency.png\",\n \"caption\": \"Color Saliency Map. Each point represents a 5×5×5 bin in CIE L*a*b* color space; slices for every other L* value are shown. The area of each point is proportional to its saliency: large points indicate consistently named colors, small points indicate colors that exhibit high naming confusion. Interestingly, visible clusters correspond to basic color terms identified by Berlin & Kay (blue, brown, green, grey, pink, purple, etc).\",\n \"web_name\": \"color-naming-models\",\n \"visible\": true,\n \"mod_date\": \"2012-02-07\",\n \"note\": \"\",\n \"pub_date\": \"2012-02-07\",\n \"venue\": \"CHI\",\n \"authors\": [\n {\n \"first_name\": \"Jeffrey\",\n \"last_name\": \"Heer\",\n \"url\": \"http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~jheer/\"\n },\n {\n \"first_name\": \"Maureen\",\n \"last_name\": \"Stone\",\n \"url\": \"https://mcstone.github.io/\"\n }\n ],\n \"materials\": [\n {\n \"name\": \"Website\",\n \"link\": \"http://vis.stanford.edu/color-names/\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"Software\",\n \"link\": \"http://github.com/StanfordHCI/c3\"\n }\n ],\n \"tags\": [],\n \"doi\": \"10.1145/2207676.2208547\"\n}"}

{ __sveltekit_17copn9 = { base: new URL("..", location).pathname.slice(0, -1), assets: "/uwdata.github.io" }; const element = document.currentScript.parentElement; const data = [null,null]; Promise.all([ import("../_app/immutable/entry/start.CZdZnu7S.js"), import("../_app/immutable/entry/app.qRA-U4ZQ.js") ]).then(([kit, app]) => { kit.start(app, element, { node_ids: [0, 7], data, form: null, error: null }); }); }