# TimeTree: Exploring Time Changing Hierarchies
**Source**: https://idl.uw.edu/papers/timetree
**Parent**: https://idl.uw.edu/papers
[Stuart K. Card](http://www2.parc.com/istl/groups/uir/people/stuart/stuart.htm), Bongwon Suh, Bryan Pendleton, [Jeffrey Heer](http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~jheer/), John W. Bodnar.
Proc. IEEE Visual Analytics Science & Technology (VAST), 2006
[Stuart K. Card](http://www2.parc.com/istl/groups/uir/people/stuart/stuart.htm), Bongwon Suh, Bryan Pendleton, [Jeffrey Heer](http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~jheer/), John W. Bodnar
Proc. IEEE Visual Analytics Science & Technology (VAST), 2006
A TimeTree visualization of a dynamic organization chart. Nodes colored in red are those being actively tracked over time. The TimeSlider in the bottom panel allows navigation to a particular time point and provides a visualization of career events.
Materials
[PDF](https://idl.cs.washington.edu/files/2006-TimeTree-VAST.pdf)
Abstract
Intelligence analysis often involves the task of gathering information about an organization. Knowledge about individuals in an organization and their relationships, often represented as a hierarchical organization chart, is crucial for understanding the organization. However, it is difficult for intelligence analysts to follow all individuals in an organization. Existing hierarchy visualizations have largely focused on the visualization of fixed structures and can not effectively depict the evolution of a hierarchy over time. We introduce TimeTree, a novel visualization tool designed to enable exploration of a changing hierarchy. TimeTree enables analysts to navigate the history of an organization, identify events associated with a specific entity (visualized on a TimeSlider), and explore an aggregate view of an individual's career path (a CareerTree). We demonstrate the utility of TimeTree by investigating a set of scenarios developed by an expert intelligence analyst. The scenarios are evaluated using a real dataset composed of eighteen thousand career events from more than eight thousand individuals. Insights gained from this analysis are presented.
BibTeX
```
@inproceedings{2006-timetree,
title = {TimeTree: Exploring Time Changing Hierarchies},
author = {Card, Stuart AND Suh, Bongwon AND Pendleton, Bryan AND Heer, Jeffrey AND Bodnar, John},
booktitle = {Proc. IEEE Visual Analytics Science \& Technology (VAST)},
year = {2006},
pages = {3--10},
url = {https://idl.uw.edu/papers/timetree},
doi = {10.1109/VAST.2006.261450}
}
```
{"status":200,"statusText":"","headers":{},"body":"[\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)\",\n \"nickname\": \"CHI\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics (Proc. VIS)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VIS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Computer Graphics Forum (Proc. EuroVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"EuroVis\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. EuroVis Short Papers\",\n \"nickname\": \"EuroVis-Short\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE VIS Short Papers\",\n \"nickname\": \"VIS-Short\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM User Interface Software & Technology (UIST)\",\n \"nickname\": \"UIST\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)\",\n \"nickname\": \"CSCW\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Intelligent User Interfaces\",\n \"nickname\": \"IUI\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"ACM Trans. on Computer-Human Interaction\",\n \"nickname\": \"ACM TOCHI\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Advanced Visual Interfaces\",\n \"nickname\": \"AVI\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR)\",\n \"nickname\": \"CIDR\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Very Large Database Endowment (PVLDB)\",\n \"nickname\": \"PVLDB\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing\",\n \"nickname\": \"EMNLP\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. NAACL-HLT\",\n \"nickname\": \"NAACL-HLT\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ICWSM\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics (Proc. InfoVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"InfoVis\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Beautiful Data\",\n \"nickname\": \"Beautiful Data\",\n \"venueType\": \"book\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Information Visualization Journal\",\n \"nickname\": \"IV Journal\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Visual Analytics Science & Technology (VAST)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VAST\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Cortex\",\n \"nickname\": \"Cortex\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS)\",\n \"nickname\": \"HICSS\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Information Visualization (InfoVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"InfoVis (Pre-TVCG)\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Ubiquitous Computing\",\n \"nickname\": \"UbiComp\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. WEBKDD Workshop\",\n \"nickname\": \"WEBKDD\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"ACM Trans. on Information Systems\",\n \"nickname\": \"ACM TOIS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Communications of the ACM\",\n \"nickname\": \"CACM\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Social Network Mining & Analysis, ACM KDD\",\n \"nickname\": \"SNAKDD\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Social Visualization Workshop, ACM CHI\",\n \"nickname\": \"CHI Social Vis\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. AVI Workshop on Invisible & Transparent Interfaces\",\n \"nickname\": \"AVI ITI\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Color Imaging Conference\",\n \"nickname\": \"Color Imaging Conf.\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Applications for Topic Models, NIPS\",\n \"nickname\": \"NIPS Topic Model Ws\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Mining Software Repositories\",\n \"nickname\": \"MSR\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Journal of Animal Ecology\",\n \"nickname\": \"J Anim Eco\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"J Am Med Inform Assoc\",\n \"nickname\": \"JAMIA\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ICML\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Computer Graphics and Applications\",\n \"nickname\": \"CG&A\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Biological Data Visualization (BioVis)\",\n \"nickname\": \"BioVis\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Poetics\",\n \"nickname\": \"Poetics\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM)\",\n \"nickname\": \"WSDM\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction (UMUAI)\",\n \"nickname\": \"UMUAI\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Eye Tracking and Visualization (ETVIS)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ETVIS\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Trends in Ecology & Evolution\",\n \"nickname\": \"TREE\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"PLOS ONE\",\n \"nickname\": \"PLOS ONE\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM SIGMOD Human-in-the-Loop Data Analysis (HILDA)\",\n \"nickname\": \"HILDA\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics (Proc. VAST)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VAST-TVCG\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Workshop on Dealing with Cognitive Biases in Visualisations (DECISIVe), IEEE VIS\",\n \"nickname\": \"DECISIVe\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"arXiv\",\n \"nickname\": \"arXiv\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"The Journal of Open Source Software\",\n \"nickname\": \"JOSS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\",\n \"nickname\": \"PNAS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)\",\n \"nickname\": \"ACL\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Distill\",\n \"nickname\": \"Distill\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Harvard Data Science Review\",\n \"nickname\": \"HDSR\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes\",\n \"nickname\": \"OBHDP\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"EPJ Data Science\",\n \"nickname\": \"EPJ-DS\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human Centric Computing (VL/HCC)\",\n \"nickname\": \"VL/HCC\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Management of Data (SIGMOD)\",\n \"nickname\": \"SIGMOD\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Companion of ACM Management of Data (SIGMOD)\",\n \"nickname\": \"SIGMOD-Demo\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"IEEE Trans. Visualization & Comp. Graphics\",\n \"nickname\": \"TVCG\",\n \"venueType\": \"journal\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Proc. ACM Creativity & Cognition\",\n \"nickname\": \"C&C\",\n \"venueType\": \"conference\"\n },\n {\n \"fullName\": \"Workshop on Intelligent and Interactive Writing Assistants (In2Writing)\",\n \"nickname\": \"In2Writing\",\n \"venueType\": \"workshop\"\n }\n]\n"}
{"status":200,"statusText":"","headers":{},"body":"{\n \"title\": \"TimeTree: Exploring Time Changing Hierarchies\",\n \"year\": 2006,\n \"start\_page\": 3,\n \"end\_page\": 10,\n \"volume\": null,\n \"issue\": null,\n \"editors\": \"\",\n \"publisher\": \"\",\n \"location\": \"\",\n \"pdf\": \"https://idl.cs.washington.edu/files/2006-TimeTree-VAST.pdf\",\n \"abstract\": \"Intelligence analysis often involves the task of gathering information about an organization. Knowledge about individuals in an organization and their relationships, often represented as a hierarchical organization chart, is crucial for understanding the organization. However, it is difficult for intelligence analysts to follow all individuals in an organization. Existing hierarchy visualizations have largely focused on the visualization of fixed structures and can not effectively depict the evolution of a hierarchy over time. We introduce TimeTree, a novel visualization tool designed to enable exploration of a changing hierarchy. TimeTree enables analysts to navigate the history of an organization, identify events associated with a specific entity (visualized on a TimeSlider), and explore an aggregate view of an individual's career path (a CareerTree). We demonstrate the utility of TimeTree by investigating a set of scenarios developed by an expert intelligence analyst. The scenarios are evaluated using a real dataset composed of eighteen thousand career events from more than eight thousand individuals. Insights gained from this analysis are presented.\",\n \"thumbnail\": \"images/thumbs/timetree.gif\",\n \"figure\": \"images/figures/timetree.gif\",\n \"caption\": \"A TimeTree visualization of a dynamic organization chart. Nodes colored in red are those being actively tracked over time. The TimeSlider in the bottom panel allows navigation to a particular time point and provides a visualization of career events.\",\n \"web\_name\": \"timetree\",\n \"visible\": true,\n \"mod\_date\": \"2009-08-04\",\n \"note\": null,\n \"pub\_date\": \"2006-10-01\",\n \"venue\": \"VAST\",\n \"authors\": [\n {\n \"first\_name\": \"Stuart\",\n \"last\_name\": \"Card\",\n \"url\": \"http://www2.parc.com/istl/groups/uir/people/stuart/stuart.htm\",\n \"display\_name\": \"Stuart K. Card\"\n },\n {\n \"first\_name\": \"Bongwon\",\n \"last\_name\": \"Suh\"\n },\n {\n \"first\_name\": \"Bryan\",\n \"last\_name\": \"Pendleton\"\n },\n {\n \"first\_name\": \"Jeffrey\",\n \"last\_name\": \"Heer\",\n \"url\": \"http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~jheer/\"\n },\n {\n \"first\_name\": \"John\",\n \"last\_name\": \"Bodnar\",\n \"display\_name\": \"John W. Bodnar\"\n }\n ],\n \"materials\": [],\n \"tags\": [],\n \"doi\": \"10.1109/VAST.2006.261450\"\n}"}
{
\_\_sveltekit\_17copn9 = {
base: new URL("..", location).pathname.slice(0, -1),
assets: "/uwdata.github.io"
};
const element = document.currentScript.parentElement;
const data = [null,null];
Promise.all([
import("../\_app/immutable/entry/start.CZdZnu7S.js"),
import("../\_app/immutable/entry/app.qRA-U4ZQ.js")
]).then(([kit, app]) => {
kit.start(app, element, {
node\_ids: [0, 7],
data,
form: null,
error: null
});
});
}