# Probiotic-based materials as living therapeutics
**Source**: https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/364794/
**Parent**: https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/project_code/315918.html
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# Probiotic-based materials as living therapeutics
[Sabio Rodriguez, Laura](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/71096.html), [Day, Graham J.](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/73825.html) and [Salmeron-Sanchez, Manuel](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/30067.html) [ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-2100](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-2100)
(2025)
Probiotic-based materials as living therapeutics.
*[Advanced Materials](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/journal_volume/Advanced_Materials.html)*,
(doi: [10.1002/adma.202508500](https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202508500))
(PMID:[40999775](https://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/40999775))
(Early Online Publication)
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| | [Text](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/364794/1/364794.pdf) 364794.pdf - Published Version Available under License [Creative Commons Attribution](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 2MB |
## Abstract
The growing demand for safer, more targeted therapeutics requires
the development of advanced biomaterials. Among these, Engineered Living Materials (ELMs)—which integrate synthetic biology with material science— are emerging as promising platforms for biomedical applications. This review focuses on a subclass of ELMs based on genetically engineered probiotics combined with matrices, that are termed Probiotic Living Materials (PLMs) to differentiate them from Living Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs). Recent studies highlight PLM’s potential in addressing different health conditions, offering targeted and dynamic therapies. However, PLMs face multiple challenges to be implemented in clinics, including a lack of robust genetic toolkits for probiotic engineering, concerns about biosafety (e.g., horizontal gene transfer or non-desirable biological activity), difficulties in translating
preclinical results to humans, and the absence of clear regulatory guidance for clinical use. This review first explores the fundamental features of ELMs, then provides an overview of probiotics, followed by recent advances in the design of engineered PLMs for biomedical applications, particularly in biosensing development, infection treatment, bone repair, wound healing, vaginal imbalances, gut-related conditions, and cancer therapy. Finally, biosafety issues and current gaps in regulatory frameworks to ensure safe and effective use of PLMs, with a particular focus on vulnerable populations, are discussed.
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| Item Type: | Articles |
| Additional Information: | The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council AdG [Devise, 101054728] and EPSRC HT2050 grant [EP/X033554/1], from UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) under the UK government’s Horizon Europe funding guarantee [Grant Number 10052844] and the European Union under Horizon Europe project PRISMLT [Grant Agreement ID 101070913]. L.S. acknowledges UKRI Horizon Europe funding guarantee for her MSCA fellowship [EP/Y03029X/1]. IBEC is a recipient of a Severo Ochoa Award of Excellence from MINCIN and member of CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. |
| Keywords: | Engineered living materials, probiotics, therapeutics. |
| Status: | Early Online Publication |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | [Day, Dr Graham](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/73825.html) and [Sabio Rodriguez, Dr Laura](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/71096.html) and [Salmeron-Sanchez, Professor Manuel](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/30067.html) |
| Authors: | [Sabio Rodriguez, L.](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/71096.html), [Day, G. J.](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/73825.html), and [Salmeron-Sanchez, M.](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/30067.html) |
| College/School: | [College of Science and Engineering](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/divisions/30000000/) > [School of Engineering](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/divisions/30300000/) > [Biomedical Engineering](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/divisions/30303000/) |
| Journal Name: | [Advanced Materials](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/journal_volume/Advanced_Materials.html) |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 0935-9648 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1521-4095 |
| Published Online: | 25 September 2025 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2025 The Author(s) |
| First Published: | First published in Advanced Materials 2025 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons licence |
University Staff: [Request a correction](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/cgi/request_correction?eprintid=364794) | Enlighten Editors: [Update this record](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/cgi/users/home?screen=EPrint::View&eprintid=364794)
Funder and Project Information
[Funder and Project Information](#)
[Funder and Project Information](#)
Project Code
Award No
Project Name
Principal Investigator
Funder's Name
Funder Ref
Lead Dept
[322413](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/project_code/322413.html)
Light-sensitive Engineered Living Material for acne therapy
Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
[EPSRC EU Guarantee (EPSRCEU)](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/funder/EPSRC_EU_Guarantee_=28EPSRCEU=29.html)
EP/Y03029X/1
ENG - Biomedical Engineering
[316720](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/project_code/316720.html)
PRISM-LT - PRInted Symbiotic Materials as a dynamic platform for Living Tissues production
Massimo Vassalli
[Innovate EU Guarantee (INNOV-EU)](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/funder/Innovate_EU_Guarantee_=28INNOV-EU=29.html)
10052844
ENG - Biomedical Engineering
[318950](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/project_code/318950.html)
Mechanobiology-based medicine - Phase 2
Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
[Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/funder/Engineering_and_Physical_Sciences_Research_Council_=28EPSRC=29.html)
EP/X033554/1
ENG - Biomedical Engineering
[315918](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/project_code/315918.html)
DEVISE - Engineered viscoelasticity in regenerative microenvironments
Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
[EPSRC EU Guarantee (EPSRCEU)](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/funder/EPSRC_EU_Guarantee_=28EPSRCEU=29.html)
101054728
ENG - Biomedical Engineering
Deposit and Record Details
[Deposit and Record Details](#)
[Deposit and Record Details](#)
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| ID Code: | 364794 |
| Depositing User: | [Dr Lisa Turner Warnecke](https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/profile/78076) |
| Datestamp: | 29 Sep 2025 08:33 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Sep 2025 01:32 |
| Date of acceptance: | 2 September 2025 |
| Date of first online publication: | 25 September 2025 |
| Date Deposited: | 29 September 2025 |
| Data Availability Statement: | No |
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