# Industry sector studies

**Source**: https://isa.sydney.edu.au/industry-sector-studies/
**Parent**: https://isa.sydney.edu.au/

At the University of Sydney, we carry out impact studies of specific Australian, sub-national and global industry sectors in terms of a range of[indicators](https://isa.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ISATBLInfo6_v1-compressed-compressed.pdf).

Examples for industry sector studies include:

- Impact of new biofuel industries (Malik et al., 2014; Malik et al., 2016; Malik et al., 2015)
- Health care – various (Irwin et al., 2024; Lenzen et al., 2020; Malik et al., 2024; Malik et al., 2018)
- Tourism globally (Lenzen et al., 2018)
- Nitrogen globally (Malik et al., 2022; Oita et al., 2016)
- [Triple Bottom Line](https://isa.sydney.edu.au/sustainability-reporting/) Accounts for 135 sectors of the Australian economy (funded by the Australian government),
- a comparative impact study of Australian organic and conventional farms,
- backward and forward linkages of Australian industry sectors, and Australian key sectors,
- comparative impact studies of renewable energy technologies,
- a survey of operators in the Australian passenger and freight transport system with regard to energy and greenhouse impacts,
- an embodied-energy framework for the construction industry, in collaboration with the Mobile Architecture & Built Environment Laboratory at Deakin University.

**For further information** contact us for copies of journal articles on

- Australian industry sector linkages and key sectors: Lenzen M, Environmentally important linkages and key sectors in the Australian economy, *Structural Change and Economic Dynamics*, 14 (1), 1-34, 2002,
- the renewable energy sector: Lenzen M and Wachsmann U, Wind energy converters in Brazil and Germany: an example for geographical variability in LCA, *Applied Energy*, in press, 2003; Lenzen M and Munksgaard J, Energy and CO2 life-cycle analyses of wind turbines: review and applications, *Renewable Energy* 26 (3), 339-362, 2002; Lenzen M, Greenhouse gas analysis of solar-thermal electricity generation, *Solar Energy* 65 (6), 353-368, 1999,
- embodied energy in the Australian steel sector: Lenzen M and Dey C, Truncation error in embodied energy analyses of basic iron and steel products, *Energy* 25 (6), 577-585, 2000,
- the Australian transport sector: Lenzen M, Total requirements of energy and greenhouse gases for Australian transport, *Transportation Research D* 4, 265-290, 1999.

## **References:**

- Irwin, A., Malik, A., Vyas, A., Bateman, C., & Joyce, S. (2024). The carbon footprint of health care delivery in Western Australia’s public health system. *The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific*, *48*. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101115>
- Lenzen, M., Malik, A., Li, M., Fry, J., Weisz, H., Pichler, P.-P., Chaves, L. S. M., Capon, A., & Pencheon, D. (2020). The environmental footprint of health care: a global assessment. *The Lancet Planetary Health*, *4*(7), e271-e279. <https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30121-2>
- Lenzen, M., Ya-Yen, S., Faturay, F., Yuan-Peng, T., Geschke, A., & Malik, A. (2018). The carbon footprint of global tourism. *Nature Climate Change*, *8*(6), 522-528. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0141-x](https:/dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0141-x)
- Malik, A., Goodlet, J., Li, M., Mora, C. J., Fry, J., Munro, A., Mill, S., Noonan, A., & Lenzen, M. (2024). Assessing waste and carbon impacts of health system at a regional level. *Resources, Conservation and Recycling*, *209*, 107750. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107750>
- Malik, A., Lenzen, M., Ely, R. N., & Dietzenbacher, E. (2014). Simulating the impact of new industries on the economy: The case of biorefining in Australia. *Ecological Economics*, *107*, 84-93. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.07.022>
- Malik, A., Lenzen, M., & Geschke, A. (2016). Triple bottom line study of a lignocellulosic biofuel industry. *GCB Bioenergy*, *8*(1), 96-110. <https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12240>
- Malik, A., Lenzen, M., McAlister, S., & McGain, F. (2018). The carbon footprint of Australian health care. *The Lancet Planetary Health*, *2*(1), e27-e35. <https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(17)30180-8>
- Malik, A., Lenzen, M., Ralph, P. J., & Tamburic, B. (2015). Hybrid life-cycle assessment of algal biofuel production. *Bioresource Technology*, *184*, 436-443. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.132>
- Malik, A., Oita, A., Shaw, E., Li, M., Ninpanit, P., Nandel, V., Lan, J., & Lenzen, M. (2022). Drivers of global nitrogen emissions. *Environmental Research Letters*, *17*(1), 015006. <https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac413c>
- Oita, A., Malik, A., Kanemoto, K., Geschke, A., Nishijima, S., & Lenzen, M. (2016). Substantial nitrogen pollution embedded in international trade. *Nature Geoscience*, *9*(2), 111-115. <https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2635>